The On The Mind Of The Minds And The People We Are Pushed...

In society we are pushed and shoved into a box. A box that some of of us cannot escape, despite the countless creative minds making and creating new and interesting things that seem to break this metaphorical box. For example, some of this can be credited to pressure of not only society, but of our peers and the people we look up too. Examples of this can be shown with the open-mindedness of a person, their limitations, and expectations. However, there is a term that has been broadcasted as something that people cannot break and tend to embrace, the term â€Å"Mob-Mentality† or â€Å"Herd-Mentality† is often recycled as something that involves more conscious thought than a â€Å"Herd-Behavior†. This category of mentality can be influenced by things such as, peer pressure as mentioned before, conformity, the need for acceptance and the desire for a sense of belonging. This could be seen through the pressure of adolescents to drink, smoke, sleep around or do things that they may not be normally comfortable with. The term â€Å"Mob-Mentality† can be used in a negative light that could influence someone to break a law or do something frowned upon because they saw someone committing a crime and thought they would feel less guilt because they were not the only party involved. Could this be deemed as a problem within the system? Or possibly a change in how we think and act as humans? The pressure to maintain creativity and diversity as a person can be felt by most but not by some, as in trying to beShow MoreRelatedSummary Of Chapter One Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1451 Words   |  6 Pagesperplexed at the same moment. I didn t take any chances though. So I pushed my brother out of the way and sprinted. Then I fell down the stairs. my idiotic brother tripped me. I yelled out some colorful words he yelled out some colorful words. That was that we were done. For now. When I got down I saw a box. My brother and I saw a box the size of a hippo. So I went and got a knife. When I started cutting the box my brother yelled don t cut what s inside it. When I had opened it IRead MoreThe South Of The American South1398 Words   |  6 Pagesof the confederacy are free. Even though free labor ended in 1863, the Southern culture of degrading and not accepting people of color continues in contemporary times. Racism, discrimination, violence against people of color in the south persists today. Recently, on June 17th, 2015, in downtown Charleston, South Carolina, at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal church, nine people were murdered by Dylann Roof. The church played a vital part in the history of South Carolina, especially in the era ofRead MoreThe Truth About Video Games1124 Words   |  5 Pagesgames have become more realistic in terms of violence. These games and systems have reached second in demand in the media industry following television (Rottenberg et al. 30). The human species is an inherently violent species in this generation. When we play video games for extended hours at a time, the game removes us from reality into a new dream world killing and fighting monsters, enemies, and villains. Most humans believe video games do not cause violence; however, drug addiction, murders, andRead MoreFrankenstein : A Short Story2001 Words   |  9 Pagesslid the locking bar across them. I cant believe this guy is a soldier, Arkady murmured. He drew a knife from his utility belt and sliced open the box. Just like he expected, smaller boxes and bags fell out across the floor of the shed. Arkady picked up a few bags and scanned them. Drugs... Francesca mused as she looked inside a smaller box. Made from all over. Arkady glanced at the man. Lieutenant William Raven, you have been a bad soldier, using your rank as a passage for drugs dealersRead MoreIs there a Correlation between Gender and the Choice of a College Major?2286 Words   |  10 Pageswhether or not there was any correlation between gender and college major? We conducted a survey consisting of 105 people (51 males and 54 females) and of those people, 34.3% (17 males and 19 females) did not think that there was a direct correlation between the two. Our goal was to see if gender did in fact influence one’s choice of major, or if it had no influence at all. After proper surveying and thorough analysis of literature, we found that both female and male students generally have college majorsRead MoreHoward Zinn: Use and Abuse of History Summary Essay2064 Words   |  9 PagesResponse to Howard Zinn article History is something we constantly refer to progress ourselves as humans, we learn from our mistakes and continue to strive from our successes. But who is to say what is a horrible mistake or a courageous act of valor? That which was documented about what happened so long ago, was done by a person who spread the story or wrote it down from their perspective. Howard Zinn’s argument that there is noRead MoreBlack Friday Research Paper3205 Words   |  13 PagesThe Impact of Black Friday: Friend or Foe When one says Black Friday, what is it that comes to mind? I know what goes through my mind, all the amazing sales that I can’t wait to get my hands on. How many items are on sale that my children will want? What time does the first sale start? What store will I go to first? Some are optimistic about Black Friday thinking that it may add more to the Fiscal Cliff that threatens our nation. Or could it be that some think badly of it because it takes awayRead MoreThe Legal System1833 Words   |  8 Pagesand other researchers who study the question are not so sure. How old a child must be to both know in his mind and feel in his heart that lying, stealing, cheating, hurting--let alone murdering--are morally wrong is a matter of scientific debate. But the question of when is not nearly so fraught as the question of how. Although they pretty much agree that living in a crack house--with people who respond to challenges with violence, and bereft of parental love, supervision and models of moral behavior--canRead MoreViolence in Contact Sports Essay2184 Words   |  9 Pagesuse by china in the dynasties. Implied, players on both teams have agreed to be hit, pushed, shoved, and possibly fought. What can be used for considering when or where a player crosses the line? Using examples from previous court cases, we will examine how players in the NHL could be charged when excessive force against other players in the opposite team come into play. Having hockey being used for an example, we will examine and look at the rules of the NHL, as well as how Todd Bertuzzi from theRead MoreWhat Is A Sccaffolder?2150 Words   |  9 Pagesthe last one to the gate, â€Å"This one was shot for being last. You should have killed him five minutes ago! You knew he was going to be the last one!† He points his pistol at the second person he shot. â€Å"This one was shot for being weak,† he shouts. â€Å"We can’t have weak workers!† Becker glared at the guards as he bellows out another order, â€Å"Now, back to your post!† He slides his pistol back into his holster. The remaining prisoners still standing in the courtyard are ordered back to their bunkhouses

Supply Chain Management - a Basf Case Study - 5417 Words

Journal of Supply Chain management and other Business issues BASF Case Study Ââ€" Challenges in Supply Chain Management Thomas Schuster, Daan Cramer, Niek Nigg, Bart van Gorp, Myrthe Jansen, Alla Lashmanova, under the supervision of Dr. Peter Bollen University College Maastricht Business Press, Universiteit Maastricht Zwingelput 4, 6220 MD Maastricht Abstract. This paper primarily discusses and analyzes theories and implications of supply chain management. A case study of the German chemical company BASF is going to illustrate main concerns regarding the topic of logistics and especially outlines the challenges and problems companies face when expanding in other geographical areas. BASF failed to realize the importance of an efficient†¦show more content†¦[5] The sixties of the last century brought a change in BASFs strategy. In this decade, production sites were progressively created or acquired abroad in order to increase market share and start an expansion abroad without investing enormous amount of financial resource as well as time. International relations were already established as early as in the beginning of the nineteenth century, however. At that time the company strongly extended its scope of manufacturing as well as marketing, and progressively created production facilities in certain geographical regions in order to focus on customer proximity. The main growth centers of this international approach were North America, Australia, and South-East Asia as the most important region. [1] 2.2 Company Structure Every product category at BASF is governed by a separate operating division such as Engineering plastics, industrial chemicals, coatings colorants, etc. Additional support is ascertained with functional division. These divisions handle accounting, finance, planning controlling tasks, human resources, and many other supplementary tasks. Later parts of this paper are especially going to focus on the logistical challenges, which were mostly apparent in the South Eastern Asian regions. Further, the expansions in various geographical regions lead to the creation of regional departments or regional divisions. In total, there are 14 subdivisions that handle individual group companies. The individual groupShow MoreRelatedScm in Petroleum Industry5215 Words   |  21 PagesLogistics Supply Chain Management. Vol. 1, No. 2, 1 November 2006, 90 – 97. Supply Chain Management in the Petroleum Industry: Challenges and Opportunities RAED HUSSAIN Department of Quantitative Methods Information Systems, Kuwait University, Kuwait TIRAVAT ASSAVAPOKEE Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Houston, Texas, U.S.A. BASHEER KHUMAWALA Department of Decision and Information Sciences, University of Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Supply chain management in the petroleumRead MoreHaier Logistics1650 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Haier Logistics’ revolution Case Studies Haier Logistics’ revolution Case Studies 1〠 Background Haier is the world s largest home appliance brand, founded in 1984 in Qingdao; the current Chairman of the Board, CEO Zhang Ruimin is one of the main founders. At present, Haier has established 21 worldwide industrial park, five R D centers, 19 overseas trading companies, employs more than 70,000 people worldwide. In 2011, Haier achieved a global turnover of 150.9 billion yuan, the brand valueRead MoreA Report On Wal Mart2059 Words   |  9 PagesContents About Wal-mart 4 Mission:- 4 Facts Figure 5 A glance of major outlet of Walmart present worldwide 5 Supply chain at Wal-mart: 5 Strategic Planning at Walmart 7 Operational Optimization 8 Performance Modelling 9 Company Performance Measures 9 Sustainability index 10 About Wal-mart It is an American multinational retail corporation that operates chains of large discount department stores and warehouse stores. Wal-Mart was founded in year 1962 by Sam Walton. WalmartRead MoreThe Dangers of Genetically Modified Foods Essay2024 Words   |  9 Pagescantaloupe, flax, radishes, sugar beets, canola, soybeans and pigs are genetically altered without any specific testing required by the FDA. And approximately all other processed foods anywhere from a 60 – 70 percent are modified. This wasnt the case when your parents or grandparents were kids. Yet, organically grown foods are put under strict scrutiny by the USDA and labeled â€Å"Organic.† Is America’s only option in purchasing foods that have not been genetically modified to buy Organics, which byRead MorePros and Cons of Going International1995 Words   |  8 Pagescompanies that want to go international are the following: * Minimizing competitive risk * Acquiring resources * Expanding the sales * Diversifying the sources of sales and supplies. Minimizing competitive risks. Although companies indeed go international for maximizing the profits, in most of the cases, they do so in order to minimize the competitive risks posed by their competitors; making internationalization more of a defensive measure, that is necessary in surviving the fierce competitionRead MoreCase 1 Fordlandia2871 Words   |  12 PagesFORDLANDIA CASE Titre du document - page 1 OVERVIEW OF FIRST 2 CASE STUDY SESSIONS †¢ Fordlandia – CSR in an international context – Integration-Responsiveness framework – Integrated Social Contract theory †¢ Sialkot – Child labour as a CSR challenge – Stakeholder theory – CSR in the context of global governance †¢ Learning objectives – To reflect on the context-specific nature of sustainability – To discuss CSR in the context of international development – To appreciate international CSR as aRead MoreThe Global Apparel Supply Chain And Its Effects On Sustainability8384 Words   |  34 Pages The Global Apparel Supply Chain and Its Effects on Sustainability Jonathan Smith DSCI 304-02 Introduction The purpose of this paper is to analyze the supply chain of the global apparel industry, including the materials sourced and global manufacturing. First, an overview of the apparel supply chain will be explored, in order to identify the current trends in materials used as well as the purchasing process for fabrics and distribution to retailers. These trends will then be analyzedRead MoreAsian Paints Global Expansion Strategy7628 Words   |  31 PagesStrategy Executive Summary Asian paint is the market leader with 49% of market share in Indian decorative segment and maintains its position among the top ten players in the world. It is only Indian company operating in India having supply chain management supported by i2 technology. The report also talks about the market share of Asian paint in decorative as well as industrial segment and its growth.The report we made for demostration present condition of Asian paint market in India andRead MoreEssay Elemica7043 Words   |  29 PagesDr. xxx, CEO of Elemica Inc. | Prepared by | : Raphael Hassler, CTO of Elemica Inc. | Date | : 5 June 2011 | | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This is an in-depth study of Elemica’s existing B2B online business and the report contains the findings and its business potential of achieving a larger market share of the online supply chain management in the world. Several key factors have been considered and analyzed and a strategic plan developed to achieve Elemica’s e-Business initiative of global expansionRead MoreIkea Csr Essay4876 Words   |  20 Pages| | | | | IKEAMGT301 CSR Case Study Report | | Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Introduction 2 Company History and Overview 3 Vision, Objective and Values 4 Meaning of Sustainability to IKEA 5 CSR Issues and Criticism 6 Why IKEA sought to address the issues through CSR 12 How IKEA sought to address the issues through CSR 13 The Natural Step 15 Public Response 17 Cultural Change Within IKEA 18 Evaluation of the Strategic Element of IKEA’s CSR Practice

Appointment with Love Free Essays

Appointment with Love This is a short romantic story about a young lieutenant Blandford and a lady, Hollis Meynell, who had fallen in love with each other. The author shows us the possibility of existence of a real strong relationships even through a great distance and the fact that two people can be very close to each other even having never seen one another. The young lieutenant Blandford served during the war time in the air forces , while once he run across some witty notes made by a woman in the book which he had taken from the army library . We will write a custom essay sample on Appointment with Love or any similar topic only for you Order Now He contacted her later and it so happened that she had had the power to reach inside of him through writing and renew his strength even from a far. They had been in touch, through writing, during thirteen month. This time the woman, who was 30, supported and inspired the lieutenant and they both trusted their true inner feelings to each other. At last the young people decided to meet ,personally, when the lieutenant was back from the Army, at the train station in New York city. They both agreed that Hollis would identify him through the book â€Å"Of Human Bondage† and Hollis, would wear a red rose in her suit lapel, because actually, they did not know how which one of them looked like. Now the young lieutenant was waiting for this woman in Grand Central Station and worried a lot. They knew about each other only from their own words. The first woman he saw was a beautiful lady, wearing a green suit but unfortunately, she had no red rose on her jacket, as it was in their agreement. Then he turned around and saw a middle aged and unattractive woman who had, to his disappointment and chagrin, a red rose in her jacket’s lapel. For the young lieutenant that was the moment of truth. A lot of thoughts and feelings had flown throughout his mind and his heart like a hurricane during that dreadful moment but at last he somehow managed to control himself and moved towards her. He decided that no matter what would become with their relationship to stay friends with that woman , thinking that if so, their good friendship, for that matter, could be more valuable than love. He approached and greeted the lady and then asked for permission to take her to dinner. But was pleased to hear that she is not the one he was waiting for. She told him that Hollis had asked her to be her substitute for a little while and to wear the rose in her suit lapel so that she could test whether Blanford’s feelings and intentions were really sincere. The main idea of the story is that if you love someone, you should love them for what they really are, and not for what they look like. How to cite Appointment with Love, Papers

Neuronal Synapse Example For Students

Neuronal Synapse neurons communicate with each other every single second, thats how it tell you to be careful not to fall or light on your eyes, to close them Action potential travels down an axon The space between the pre- and post synaptic cleft are called SYNAPSE You can also find NT in there glutamate: excitatory (Na+) gaba: inhibitory (Cl-) dopamin, histamin (allergies), serotonin, and adrenaline ( stress) what are some NT? Neuromuscular Junction axon terminal contacting the cell, gap contained, it released molecules at the synapse that passes to the membrane of the target cells Chemical synapse has a gap the cells are physically connected, they are connected to the cell membrane. the axon terminal specifically bind the target cells: Inside of neuron talks with the inside of the cell. Cytoplasm of the two connected. ions directly connected. Electrical synapse has no gap chemical synapse The most common form of the synapse in human would be the pre synaptic vs. post synaptic when calcium enters from the outside, this cause the membrane to diffuse with the and exit all of the NT that it contains: Neurotransmitter release NT are molecules that communicate information between neuron and its target cells. There are 100s of neurotransmitters Types of NT amino group and carboxylic group, peptide NTs. Peptides are chains of amino acids, bunch of them together and we called them peptides. * glutamate (+), GABA (-), Glycine NT amino acids these are biogenetic amines, mono amines are organic molecules, connected to an aromatic group and the amino group connected by carbon chains. catecarlamines, (sub group of amino, which has a benzene, had hydroxy amine) * serotonin, histamine, (dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine: catecholamine) conciseness, cognition, thinking, emotions, many disorder has to do with monoamines! (Opioids: endorphine, has to do with pain receptors. NT monoamines NT peptides ACTH: central nervous system, peripheral NS, motor neurons synapse at the skeletal muscles. other molecular NT: Amino acids, monoamines, peptides and other NTs. Dendrites: excitatory Cell body: inhibitory terminal: excitatory/ inhibitory NT could be excitatory or inhibitory: metabotropic vs. inotropic inotropic, ligand gated ion channel : Cl-, Ca++, Na+, K+ > depolarization metabotropic: secondary messenger neuron -change the activity of protein + genes -affect is larger! The interaction of metabotropic vs. inotropic 1) Diffusion, slowing up the action potential 2) Enzymes: synapse break down the NT into compartments 3) Re-uptake pump, actively removes the NT from the synapse 4) Astrocytes: CNS, absorbs NT inside ALL this TURNs it ON/ OFF How to remove NT from a synapse How the nervous system changes in response to experiance Neuroplasticity changes in synapses and other parts of the neuron Neuroplasticity potentiation, parts mostly used strength of information can increases and it is called depression, parts used rarely strength of information can decrease and it is called when it happens at the level of synapse, or at level of enter cell: structural synaptic Neuroplasticity Look at it careful, it is used most of often today potentiation vs. depression Neuroplasticity C Which term describes the space between a neuron and its target cell? Please choose from one of the following options. Axon terminal Post synaptic membrane Synaptic cleft Dendritic spine Both chemical and electrical synapses relay information through similar mechanisms. Which of the following statements does not accurately describe synapses? Voltage-gated calcium channels What channel plays a role in the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft? Action potentials ultimately result in more calcium leaving the target cell at the post synaptic membrane. Which of the following statements about action potentials and information transmission in the synaptic cleft is false? Gamma-aminobutyric acid What is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain? Histamine Which neurotransmitter is not classified as a catecholamine? Please choose from one of the following options. Epinephrine Norepinephrine Histamine Dopamine Metabotropic neurotransmitter receptors move more slowly than ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors. There are two main types of neurotransmitter receptors. Which of the following statements about receptors accurately describes how they function? Enzymatic deactivation How is acetylcholine removed from the postsynaptic membrane? Structural depression Which of the following terms describes the type of plasticity that occurs when entire neurons are lost due to decreased activity? Serotonin One specific type of antidepressant medication works by blocking the removal of neurotransmitters. Which of the following neurotransmitters is most likely the target of the antidepressant medication? temporal vs. spatial summation Everything about summation everything about summation Graded potential vs. Action Potential The neuron resting potential maintain -60 mV The outside: negative The inside: positive The electrical: each membrane attracted to the OPP charge The chemical force: The concentration gradient, diffusion force. Electrical vs. chemical gradient Look how the ions gets in in out of the cell: How neurons created and why they decay over time jumps from node to node Saltatory conduction How the action potential takes place across an axon because the membrane is in refractory period. AP goes only in one direction, why? Learn how action potential working and, leak channels and voltage gated. it makes it faster less resistance more conduction more ions flow and inc A.P How does myelination changes action potential? larger vs. smaller axon Action Potential Patterns: temporal response pattern amount of NT release. D Which of the following is the correct definition of a cation? Please choose from one of the following options. A cation is a negatively charged ion. A cation is an ion that can have a positive or negative charge. A cation is an ion that cannot have a charge. A cation is a positively charged ion. A Which term describes the cell membrane potential of a neuron at rest? Please choose from one of the following options. Polarized Hyperpolarized Repolarized Depolarized B How are potassium ions typically moved out of a neuron when the membrane is at rest? Please choose from one of the following options. Electrical gradients move potassium ions out of the cell. Concentration gradients move potassium ions out of the cell. Potassium ions are stable and do not move when a membrane is at rest. The sodium-potassium pump moves potassium ions out of the cell. A Action potentials are characterized by which of the following? Please choose from one of the following options. Rapid depolarization Repolarization Slightly negative polarization Depolarization or hyperpolarization C Absolute and relative refractory periods are important aspects of which of the following? Please choose from one of the following options. Graded potentials Equilibrium potentials Action potentials Resting potentials B Which of the following statements is false? Please choose from one of the following options. Refractory periods are not associated with graded potentials, but are associated with action potentials. Graded potentials are always hyperpolarizing, whereas action potentials are always depolarizing. Graded potentials are always decremental, whereas action potentials are always non-decremental. Graded potentials are proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas action potentials are all-or-none. B Which statement describes the membrane potential at the peak of an action potential? Please choose from one of the following options. The membrane potential is much more positive than the Na+ equilibrium potential. The membrane potential is slightly less positive than the Na+ equilibrium potential. The membrane potential is slightly more positive than the Na+ equilibrium potential. The membrane potential is the same as the Na+ equilibrium potential. C How would action potentials be affected in a myelinated axon if nodes are far apart? Please choose from one of the following options. Action potentials would not be affected Action potentials might travel more slowly Action potentials might stop Action potentials might travel more quickly C Which of the following neuronal processes transmits an action potential? Please choose from one of the following options. Dendrite Soma Axon Glia C Saltatory conduction refers to which of the following? Please choose from one of the following options. The conduction of a graded potential along a demyelinated axon. The conduction of a graded potential along a myelinated axon. The conduction of an action potential along a myelinated axon. The conduction of an action potential along a demyelinated axon. B The resting potential for a particular neuron is measured to be -60 mV. Which of the following distributions of ions could not produce this measurement? Please choose from one of the following options. More cations than anions on both sides of the cell membrane More anions than cations on the outside of the membrane, more cations than anions on the inside of the membrane More cations than anions on the outside of the membrane, more anions than cations on the inside of the membrane More anions than cations on both sides of the cell membrane A In the resting state, which of the following mineral ions is found in greatest concentration inside a neuron? Please choose from one of the following options. Potassium cation Chloride anion Calcium cation Sodium cation A In the resting state, which of the following mineral ions has an electrical force vector pointing out of the neuron? Please choose from one of the following options. Chloride anion Calcium cation Sodium cation Potassium cation D Researchers use genetic engineering techniques to culture neuronal cells with sodium-potassium pumps that, for each molecule of ATP, transport 2 sodium cations for every 3 potassium cations; assuming that all other aspects are held equal, which of the following would be most affected by this change, as compared to what happens in a normal neuronal cell? Please choose from one of the following options. The diffusion force on potassium cations would be smaller and in the opposite direction The diffusion force on potassium cations would be larger and in the opposite direction The diffusion force on potassium cations would be smaller and in the same direction The diffusion force on potassium cations would be larger and in the same direction D What is the primary difference in graded potentials versus actions potentials? Please choose from one of the following options. Graded potentials do not involve transient production of charged molecules inside the neuron, while action potentials involve the flow of charged molecules across the neuron membrane Graded potentials occur in axons, while action potentials occur in the dendrites and soma Graded potentials occur in neurons of the peripheral nervous system, while actions potentials occur in neurons of the central nervous system Action potentials occur in axons, while graded potentials occur in the dendrites and soma C D Nematodes are small worm-like animals with roughly 300 neurons. Imagine that a mutation is introduced into a population of nematodes that down-regulates the production of Schwann cells. Which of the following phenotypes would you predict to have a selective advantage in the population? Please choose from one of the following options. Nematodes with larger soma Nematodes with smaller diameter axons Nematodes with longer axons Nematodes with shorter axons C Where are voltage-gated sodium channels found in greatest concentration? Please choose from one of the following options. In the axon terminals In the nodes of Ranvier In the trigger zones In the dendrites B Reduced permeability of potassium leak channels would affect which of the following aspects of action potentials in a neuron? Please choose from one of the following options. The activation threshold The time to reach maximum repolarization The time to reach maximum depolarization The size of the depolarization wave A Which of the following neurons is least likely to exist in nature? Please choose from one of the following options. A neuron that fires action potentials to a certain maximum amplitude, and increases this amplitude when it receives excitatory inputs A neuron that fires action potentials at a steady state, and decreases this rate when it receives inhibitory inputs A neuron that does not fire action potentials until stimulated by an excitatory input A neuron that fires action potentials at a steady rate, and increases this rate when it receives excitatory inputs * Neurons * Glial cells Neural cells * Brain * Spinal Cord CNS made all of nerves PNS Neural tube=CNS Neural Crest=PNS neuro tube vs. neuro crest glial cells (support cells) Neurons ( send message) some has nucleus * some axons short others longer * Some axons has more branches than others. Look careful large axons gets covered by myeline, Deep sleep allows the body an escape from time Essaytake a careful look at the image! The neurons stem cells> neuroblast>unipolar neuron. Types of neurons * Unipolar neuron * Bipolar Neuron * Multipolar Neuron (in adult) * Pseudo unipolar Neuron process and transmit information. summation of all neurons gets added at the axon hillock. what are the function of neurons: summation of the excitatory and inhibitory neurons as graded potential. AP is conducted the entire length of an axon, no matter how long it is NT bind to the receptors on the target cells: central summation turned into temporal summation what are the function type of neurons Astrocytes to protect the cells, they are end feet at the end of astrocyte processes 1) Astrocytes form scaffold if injury in the brain or spinal cord, it will try to cover the cavity, they grow longer processes from a longer tissue. Scaffolding the CNS and structural support for the injury and the cavity. 2) Astrocytes scar releases lactate and neurons little nutrient depends on the oxygen and glucose, neurons uses lactate if no glucose or oxygen. 3) Astrocytes Homeostasis Astrocytes prevents molecules to pass from the into the blood vessel to the entering the brain. 4) Astrocytes Blood Brain Barrier synapse connection, btw neurons and clearing the molecule communication. Astrocytes hard working cells of CNS. 5) Astrocytes clear synapse 1) Reactive O species kill cell like bacteria 2) phagocytosis the microglial cells acts like an immune system in the CNS, they find inflammation, it gets activated, and it kills the bacteria or whatever causing the inflammation. *simple epithelial cuboidal cells * capillaries IF=fluid between cells * cilli and microvilli The central fluid is called the central spinal fluid. The ependymal cells are covering the cells, 1) Barrier between cells form 2) Participate in secreting CSF what are the two things formed by the ependymal cells? It can militant multiple axons, myelin made of lipid, fat. Rubber coating insulation. Oligodendrocytes they only militate a single segment of the axon, provides support for the peripheral cells glial of the PNS, schwan cells (shapeless cells) oligodendrocytes vs. schwan cells D GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Which part of the cell does it interact with? Please choose from one of the following options. Myelin sheath Soma Axon Dendrites C Guillain-Barre syndrome is an autoimmune disease which attack gangliosides, which are molecules found on the outside of a cell. Patients with this disease have a nerve conduction block which is often caused by a slowed conduction potential and can lead to paralysis. Which type of cell is attacked? Please choose from one of the following options. Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Schwann cells Neurons C What is the most common cell type in the brain? Please choose from one of the following options. Oligodendrocyte Ependymal cell Astrocyte Neuron C The choroid plexus is a structure made of capillaries and modified neural cells that produces the fluid that cushions the central nervous system. What types of cells are found in the choroid plexus? Please choose from one of the following options. Oligodendrocytes Neurons Ependymal cells Astrocytes D The microglia arise from which embryonic layer? Please choose from one of the following options. Ectoderm Endoderm Neural crest Mesoderm D A increased number of microglia would indicate which of the following? Please choose from one of the following options. Multiple sclerosis Subdural hematoma Peripheral nerve damage Bacterial meningitis A The dorsal root ganglion (DRG) lies just outside the interface between the central and peripheral nervous systems, and holds the cell bodies for those neurons that transmit signals between the two. What type of neurons are found in the dorsal root ganglion? Please choose from one of the following options. Pseudounipolar Monopolar Multipolar Bipolar B Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? Please choose from one of the following options. Structural support Interstitial fluid monitoring for pathogens Barrier protection Hypoxia buffering C A local nerve block is a technique which shuts off afferent receptors in the target area. What is its effect? Please choose from one of the following options. Temporary paralysis Slows heart rate Anesthetic Anti-tetanus central=brain and spinal cord peripheral=the rest. The structure of the Nervous System (central and peripheral) cerebrum cerebral hemisphere * top: med brain * middle: ponds * bottom: medulla brain stem cerebellum Prosencephalon: it cerebrem forebrain Mesencephalon : midbrain Midbrain Rhambincephalon : pons, medulla and cerebellum Hindbrain spinal cord CNS 1) nerves carry axons of neurons 2) ganglia ( lumps attached to the nerve they contain the somas of the neurons) PNS contains two types of structures Afferent neurons carry info into the CNS Efferent neurons-carry info out into the PNS There are a lot of nerves going all over the body PNS information carries comes out of the brain Cranial nerves 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 spinal nerves spinal nerve roots afferent and efferent, all nerves keep branching, proximal part of nerves: they branch and eventually becomes microscopic. mix nerves cranial nerves pass the skull out in the periphery patterns of abnormal function. Syndromes are what? 1) Basic Functions (made of CNS+ PNS) 2) Higher Functions functions of the nervous system is divided into two sections: the cranial nerves perform the basic function of cranial nerves while the spinal cord performs the function of the spinal region basic function 1) Motor (skeletal muscle control) provides movement, posture and tone. End result of contraction 2) Sensory functions: anything that the nervous system can detect. (vision, hearing, smell, teste, vestibular sense, somato sensation) 3) Automatic no concious involvement, reflex is an example. control of body system Basic functions of the CNS divided into 3 sections: cognition: (thinking, learning, memory, language, executive) emotions: feelings, experiance of life consciousness: awareness of being a person and controlling ones action. Higher part of the function is performed by parts of the brain: 3 categories, Everything all together LMN (efferent) carrying information away from the CNS control the skeletal muscles motor unit: one lower motor unit this motor neurons contacting two skeletal muscle cells, they are the other part of the motor unit. The motor unit made of couple parts: because when it contracts it causes all of the unit in the skeletal muscle to contract: the space b/w the muscle cells and the LMN is called a neuromuscular junction. All the cells are activated at the same time. why it is called a motor unit? the brain and spinal cord (skeletal muscles) The lower motor neurons in the cranial controls controls everywhere else. These muscles has small motor units, they are synapsing on the small muscles. Big muscles in the thigh, they have large motor units. The motor unit of the spinal cord 1) weakness, loss of contraction of skeletal muscle. what happens if any kind of abnormality in the motor unit? 1) weakness and LMN signs, Atrophy of skeletal muscle-decreases bulk of skeletal muscle, size is decreased. Thee muscles shrivel up 2) Fasciculations: twitch of skeletal muscle, involuntary, little twitch of the muscle happens. Lots of twitching happening 3) Hypotonia: a decreases in the tone of skeletal muscle, it refers to how muscle contracting, not as much tone. 3) Hyporeflexia=decrease muscle stretch reflexes, reflex happens if you rapidly strech. Abnormality in the LMN it provides problems in the areas of the body If the LMN doesnt provide constant stimulation to the skeletal muscle then the senses of the body, * postion sense ( moving arm, you know it) * vibration sense (turning fork) * touch * Pain * temperature what are somatosensation respond to physical forces: mechanoreceptors * postion * vibration * Touch what are some of the somatosensory receptors? * postion * vibration * Touch nociceptors 1) experiance of pain What are some of the somator receptors for pain? Thermoreceptors what are some of the somatorsensory receptors of temp? In the skin, there are number of axons entering the skins, mechanoreceptors: they tend to have structure on the end of the axon, close to the surface of the skin. You can also find them in the deep tissue, they magnify one large in muscle. Relative position and body parts. where these somatosensory receptors mostly found? Temperature and pain moves slow Position, vibration, Touch moves fast Reflex response to a stimulus that doesnt require a point of consciousness Reflex =afferent part (bring information about stimulus into the CNS) Efferent=carries information away from the CNS causes response to a periphery. Muscle stretch reflex: the nervous system forms many kind of reflexes if a skeletal muscle is rapidly contracting, as a protective response from being stretched rapidly. One of the good reflexes is called the muscle stretch reflex the doc is heating in the tendon, hooks the muscle and bone, the renden stretches the large group of muscle, it stretches it and rapidly this happens, muscle stretch happens, it spread out. Muscle spindles, special fiber, neuron axon. stretch the fibers to bring it back to the CNS Leg kick out to the stimulus the rubber hammer Everything you must know about reflexes Autonomic Nervous System Gray matter vs. white matter Everything you need to know on UMP One side gets injured effects the other side of the body Cerebellum coordinating movement Brain steam subcortical cerebrum Cerebral cortex lession studyies and exeprimental ablation Lession studies and experimetal It doesnt tell us what areas of the brain is active at a given time. Different way to see the structure of a Brain 1) CT scan uses radio waves and atoms of the brain line up, disturbs the atoms of the brains , cant tell us the brain function Different way to see the structure of a Brain 1) MRI it gives wave lines, tells is person is awake or sleep. Different ways to see the function of the brain EEG requires more for room set up, Different ways to see the function of the brain MEG Different ways to see the structure/function of the brain FMRI inject brain with glucose to see the structures better. Different ways to see the structure/function of the brain PSCAN D Which of the following structures is a part of the rhombencephalon? Please choose from one of the following options. Temporal lobe Thalamus Substantia nigra Medulla D Which of the following accurately describes the direction of an impulse moving through a neuron that carries information to the central nervous system (CNS) from the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? Please choose from one of the following options. An efferent neuron, impulse moving distally. An afferent neuron, impulse moving distally. An efferent neuron, impulse moving proximally. An afferent neuron, impulse moving proximally. C Which of the following is an example of a basic nervous system function? Please choose from one of the following options. Learning English as a second language Feeling afraid of the dark Sweating during a yoga class Remembering a painful experience C Sympathetic nervous system activation constricts arteries found within the salivary glands. Which of the following statements correctly describes the activation of autonomic nervous system function within the circulatory system? C B A 55-year old woman is diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and reports symptoms of general weakness, muscle atrophy, and muscle twitching. What type of nervous system dysfunction is she likely experiencing? Please choose from one of the following options. Upper motor neuron dysfunction Lower motor neuron dysfunction Axon degeneration Demyelination C If an individual were to sustain a significant injury to their right cerebral hemisphere, where might somatosensory loss of functioning occur? Please choose from one of the following options. Both sides of the body Right side of the body Left side of the body There is no evidence that loss of functioning would occur. C A veteran is admitted to the hospital after sustaining a traumatic brain injury. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) shows significant damage to the veterans cerebellum. The damage would result in difficulty with which of the following functions? Please choose from one of the following options. Sensation of pain Regulation of temperature Coordination of movement Regulation of emotion D A researcher is interested in learning more about individual perceptions of pain and develops a trial where participants experience electric shocks. He applies a low grade electric shock to a participants right hand. Where would this information typically be processed by the participants brain? Please choose from one of the following options. Pain sensation is not processed by cerebral cortex Both sides of the cerebral cortex Right side of the cerebral cortex Left side of the cerebral cortex B Which of the following areas of the brain is not involved in the diffuse cortical projection of dopamine? Please choose from one of the following options. Hypothalamus Raphe nuclei Substantia nigra Ventral tegmentum D Jenny receives a golden retriever puppy for her birthday. She picks up the puppy and is surprised at how soft and fluffy the puppys fur feels. What lobe of Jennys cerebral cortex first processes the information about the feel of the puppys fur? Please choose from one of the following options. Temporal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Parietal lobe

What is art free essay sample

Art cannot be defined simply, there has been numerous definitions offered throughout the decades but it is if I may, impossible to pin point one that define art perfectly because it is so broad. If I had to define all that art is will probably exceed an essay, but a book will do Just fine. Since we cannot cover all that art Is In one essay, we will cover the main ideas about It. Paintings, photography, architecture, and sculptures, they are the basics of art, and then there are others that define some as art, and some will reject those as art.Such as personal art, In which they might mean an Infinite amount personally, but It may only be something very common to the critiques of others. Art Is a personal definition All that art Is may not always be art. For example, art Is freedom of expression, It brings Joy, sadness, and It takes a person though the emotion of the artist. We will write a custom essay sample on What is art? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It creates clarity and confusion but clarity and confusion Is not art. Art Is an escape but escape is not art. Art is creativity but creativity is not art.Art can make you smile and laugh, one of my favorite artists named Roomer Britton gives me great ay when I see his art, its colorful and not everyone can do, the creative ways in which he uses lines, color, etc. His art has purposes; they are displayed in childrens hospitals. Art is meaningful. Some art takes you too certain place or time, whether youve been there before or not. Art can be a memory, whether it is a happy or sad one, it makes you remember the emotion you were in while you created the certain piece or it might help you understand the emotion of the artist, the things they were going through and their thoughts.Art is nostalgic. Art helps you get through painful times and in the pain raises brilliant works. One can very well argue that those are the only good that comes out of tragedy, art includes experience and an individual can confine in art while they have no one else to confine with. Art is therapy. Although this is not all that art is but it is what relates to most of us and it is something in which most of us can relate to. Art is personal and global at the same time. It might only be understood by one person, although it might very well be understood globally.

The Many Faces of Run

The Many Faces of Run The Many Faces of Run The Many Faces of Run By Maeve Maddox A reader has asked about the correct use of the words run vs. ran. Run is one of those words that can be either a noun or a verb. As a verb, the principal parts of run are: run, ran, (have) run. Today I run. Yesterday I ran. I have run for twenty minutes. NOTE: In some dialects run is used instead of ran as simple past form: He run out of the cafà © in a hurry. In my part of the country I often hear ran used instead of run for the past participle: I have ran three miles. Merriam-Webster offers an interesting historical observation: The past tense run still survives in speech in southern England and in the speech especially of older people in some parts of the United States. It was formerly used in literature, and was a standard variant in our dictionaries from 1828 until 1934. In 2009, the standard forms are run/ran/(have)run. The verb run has numerous meanings. Here are only a few: move faster than walking The children ran all the way home. operate My father has run the family business for fifty years. be in charge of Miss Jones runs the secretarial pool. seek office Ralph Nader has run for President several times. flee The indicted murderer skipped bail and ran. go back and forth This bus runs from here to the airport every two hours. to thread or penetrate The electrician ran a wire from the kitchen to the basement. His helper ran a splinter into his thumb. to publish The Gazette ran my sons story in the early edition. As a noun run has plenty of meanings as well. Here are a few: the act of running He went for a three mile run. a score in baseball How many runs does our team have so far? a term in football Tommy scored a 10-yard run. a sustained effort Hes making another run for the White House. a unit of production This is the books first run. a series of something Hes had a run of unfortunate relationships. The Mousetrap had a very long run in London. Weve had a run of bad weather. excessive withdrawals Economic turmoil led to a run on banks. normal kind These are not the usual run of first graders. freedom of movement We give our cats the run of the house. an enclosure for animals The dogs stay in the run. a flaw in knitted fabric These stockings have too many runs in them. Idioms with run to have the runs experience diarrhea to run around be sexually promiscuous to run around with associate with to run across discover by chance to run after seek someones company to run a tight ship manage strictly to run circles around demonstrate superiority to run interference for smooth the way for another person run-off 1. rain water (and other precipitation) drained by creeks and rivers 2. an election subsequent to a principal election in which no winner could be determined run of the mill ordinary runaround deceptive, evasive treatment of one person by another (When I asked about layoffs, the boss gave me the runaround (i.e., he did not provide a direct answer). on the run evading and hiding from pursuers Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Types of LanguageWriting the Century15 Idioms for Periods of Time

Differential Reproductive Success in the Science of Evolution

Differential Reproductive Success in the Science of Evolution The term differential reproductive success sounds complicated, but it refers to a rather simple idea common in the study of evolution. The term is used when comparing the successful reproduction rates of two groups of individuals in the same generation of a species population, each exhibiting a different genetically determined characteristic or genotype. It is a term that is central to any discussion of natural selection- the cornerstone principle of evolution. Evolutionary scientists might, for example, want to study whether short height or tall height is more conducive to a species continued survival. By documenting how many individuals of each group produces offspring and in what numbers, scientists arrive at a differential reproductive success rate.   Natural Selection From an  evolutionary perspective, the overall goal of any species is to continue to the next generation. The mechanism is ordinarily rather simple:  produce as many offspring as possible to ensure that at least some of them survive to  reproduce and create the next generation. Individuals within the population of a species often compete for food, shelter, and mating partners to make sure that it is their DNA and their traits that are the ones passed down to the next generation to carry on the species. A cornerstone of the theory of evolution is this principle of natural selection. Sometimes called survival  of the fittest, natural selection is the process by which  those individuals with genetic traits better suited to their environments live long enough to reproduce many offspring, thereby passing the genes for those favorable adaptations to the next generation. Those individuals lacking the favorable traits, or possessing unfavorable traits, are likely to die off before they can reproduce, removing their genetic material from the ongoing  gene pool. Comparing Reproductive Success Rates The term differential reproductive success refers to a statistical analysis comparing successful reproduction rates between groups in a given generation of a species- in other words, how many offspring each group of individuals is able to leave behind. The analysis is used to compare two groups holding different variations of the same trait, and it provides evidence of which group is the fittest. If individuals exhibiting variation A of a trait are demonstrated to reach reproductive age more often and produce more offspring than individuals with variation B of the same trait, the differential reproductive success rate allows you to infer that natural selection is at work and that variation A is advantageous- at least for conditions at the time. Those individuals with variation A will deliver more genetic material for that trait to the next generation, making it more likely to persist and carry on to future generations. Variation B, meanwhile, is likely to gradually vanish.   Differential reproductive success can manifest in a number of ways. In some instances, a trait variation might cause individuals to live longer, thereby having more birth events that deliver more offspring to the next generation. Or, it may cause more offspring to be produced with each birth, even though lifespan remains unchanged. Differential reproductive success can be used to study natural selection in any population of any living species, from the largest mammals to the smallest microorganisms. The evolution of certain antibiotic-resistance bacteria is a classic example of natural selection, in which bacteria with a gene mutation making them resistant to drugs gradually replaced bacteria that had no such resistance. For medical scientists, identifying these strains of drug-resistant bacteria (the fittest) involved documenting the differential reproductive success rates between different strains of the bacteria.